Think Art - Make Art

SHUTTER SPEED, APERTURE,
FOCAL LENGTH

APERTURE

higher number -> smaller opening -> less light ->more in focus -> greater DOF

lower number -> larger opening -> more light ->less in focus -> shallow DOF

f22	f16	f11	f8	f5.6	f4

less light <-----------------------------------------------------------------------> more light

greater depth of field <----------------------------------> shallow depth of field

more of image in focus <-------------------------------> less of image in focus

A number has HALF the amount of light as the next number LOWER
A number has TWICE the amount of light as the next number HIGHER

So:
f11 HAS HALF THE AMOUNT OF LIGHT AS f8
but
f11 HAS TWICE THE AMOUNT OF LIGHT AS f16

f16<f11<f8

(the place to adjust the aperture on a film camera is on the barrel of the lens)

SHUTTER SPEED

Shutter speeds are in fractions.
for example 250 actually means 1/250

LOW IS SLOW!!!!!!!!!

SLOWER THAN 60 USE A TRIPOD

125

250

500

1000

open more time <----------------------------------------------------> open less time

more light <----------------------------------------------------------------------> less light

shows motion (blurred) <-----------------------------------> stops motion (crisp)

A number has HALF the amount of light as the next number LOWER
A number has TWICE the amount of light as the next number HIGHER

So:
500 HAS HALF THE AMOUNT OF LIGHT AS 250
but
500 HAS TWICE THE AMOUNT OF LIGHT AS 1000

1000<500<250

(the place to adjust the shutter speed on the film camera is on the top dial)

FOCAL LENGTH

smaller angle/wider angle ---------------------------------------larger number/zoom/closer

17	24	37	50	100	170	250	1000
wide angle ------------------(human eye)--------------------------------------------------zoom/closer